����Through the years, remove the line between imitation
"The demolition of the old" and "antique" drama is Chinese city accelerating stage. One side, part of the "historical and cultural city in China" be placed in jeopardy, historical and cultural blocks again and again; side, 5500000000 ReengineeringPhoenixBillions of remodeling, Bianjing, imitation ancient city blossom everywhere. All this has become a unique landscape in the process of Chinese city.
But fifteen years ago under the tree planted two trees still stand in it, Yanzhen have find had lived nearly forty years of home.
2012 October day, he stoodShandongLiaocheng City, South Street Buttonwood, eyes do not see the two f, but a brick tiles, canopies high dental peck antique house.
Data chartThis is the old city reconstruction plan in Liaocheng which is a national historical and cultural city of aspiring's glance. Now, standing in the center of the ancient city with "the world is the second floor," said the China building around, this area is about 1 square kilometers of water city all the main road on both sides, is row upon row of antique buildings.
Three years ago, Liaocheng opened vast old city protection and reconstruction curtain, one million residents Yanzhen then and life in the, gradually left the seat lying in the water of the Millennium city. Their old house was razed to the ground, let is located in those who painted the walls of a brand new, turret, ancient house and the examination yuan.
With the demolition of the old house and the surrounding road, Liaocheng city historical and cultural blocks of the original into a rubble.
"Fake!" To have set up of old buildings, Yanzhen filled with contempt. And in the local government plan, these seemingly having an antique flavour "city" products, not only to replace the old dirty appearance, and place the place"TravelingIndustry leading "look.
In the full with Chinese city and the old and antique boom, Liaocheng is not isolated cases, even not worth mentioning.BeijingPreliminary statistics University School of city and environment professor Wu Bihu, China is no less than thirty city has, is or plan to join the old city reconstruction agitation.
����Competing staged huge "through"
The new administration isKunming. In October 26, 2012, Jinning County, Kunming City, Dianchi lake, 22000000000 yuan investment in the "colorfulYunnanThe ancient Dian Kingdom cultural tourism city "start. Kunming city announced, to "ensure 3 years to create another ancient Dian kingdom".
China is the city history and story telling, since 1982 the first batch of national historical and cultural city announced so far, a total of 119 city has selected the crown. Now, some of them are not satisfied with the simple guard ancestor the odd heritage, strive to return one thousand grand history.
Back to the Ming Dynasty "". By the end of 2012,Da TongThe ancient city wall is closure, 50000000000 yuan investment in the old city reconstruction is to make the City Fenghua reproduction in Ming dynasty.
Back to Song Dynasty "". August 2012.HenanKaifengBurst billion build old city news, four years and strive to recreate the Northern Song Dynasty Bianjing bustling.
Back in the "spring and autumn". At the beginning of 2012, Shandong Feicheng "Spring City" project started the foundation, plans a total investment of 6000000000 yuan, covers an area of 2200 acres.
Back to the ancient "". September 2011.JiangsuJinhu Yao City construction, the project covers an area of acres, a total investment of 3000000000 yuan.
......
Professor Zhang Song in Tongji University College of architecture and city planning in memory, before the performance for restoring ancient ways to individual building renovation, such as Beijing liulichang,NanjingConfucius temple,ChengdeThe Qing Dynasty street, Kaifeng Street song. Now, retro has become area and a city.
As a member of the Department of housing and urban historical and cultural city committee of experts, Professor of Chinese city planning design and Research Institute of Engineering Zhao Zhongshu witnessed around the old city reconstruction to realize a rule (as shown): in the more developed eastern coastal, the remote western region rare this phenomenon, but in the middle, the economy has certain potential still think big development area, old city reconstruction is to cluster. Among them, Henan Province alone, i.e.ZhengzhouXunxian County, Hebi, Kaifeng, Shangqiu,LuoyangFive to rebuild the city.
"This is a directional error." Zhang Song said, "it is not realistic, more important is the city culture, city life is not to go back."
But in the eyes of some people, be an easy job to go back to the past. "Big beauty luanzhou has prepared delicious food and wine, waiting for the eight party to worship his town under the table." In September 30, 2012, the investment 5200000000 yuan, covers an area of two thousand acres.HebeiLuan City held ceremonies of Kaesong, Liao "King" and "Queen", clad in armor of the guard of honor to welcome out of the city, has a "through the show".
"Reconstruction is not necessarily a bad thing, in a sense it is a reflection of local culture." Chinese Academy of engineering, former Vice Minister of construction Zhou Ganzhi of Southern Weekend reporter said, "but we hope is to protect the heritage, rather than blindly restore historical outlook." He thinks, restore an ancient city is neither easy nor necessary.
Zhou Ganzhi said, in the whole world more than 900 world heritage sites in China, only 43. "There are more than half of the more than 900EuropeIn this regard, we also explained, not the past." But for how to protect, protect what, is still facing a big problem.
����Can't undo the city title
Yan Zhenyue new repair antique courtyard, the ancient city on the other side of surfacing: the original dense residential building has been fully flattened.
This is the other side: remove reconstruction.
The national historical and cultural city Tongji University Research Center Director Ruan Yisan, the lead the establishment "Liaocheng old city protection and renovation planning" of "city guards" told the Southern Weekend reporter, according to the plan, should be on the city building the same original repair, and retained some residents, "which is the basic requirement of sustainable development". However, the Liaocheng local government is just to take the planning of the shell, back to a large demolition and construction way will remove the historic blocks, "it left a false pants".
"Want to city pattern and street until complete recovery has been very difficult." A Liaocheng anonymous Wenbao officials told the Southern Weekend reporter said, twenty years ago, it is by virtue of these cultural relics and pattern of the ancient city, Liaocheng was among the second batch of national historical and cultural city.
Done in Liaocheng has become a typical negative. Held in 2012 June "to commemorate the thirty anniversary of the establishment of the national historical and cultural city forum", the housing department deputy director Chou Baoxing pain "and true city, built fake antiques" behavior, direct call Liaocheng, "piece of historical block was removed, unified built antique buildings, a design drawings, a time to build out of the".
Not only in Liaocheng, many Chinese historical and cultural city of the historical blocks are disappeared into thin sheets.
The so-called historical and cultural blocks, refers to the special rich cultural relics, historical building into focus, to more fully and truly reflect the traditional pattern and historical features, and a certain scale area.
In 2011 January, live Jianbu and National Cultural Relics Bureau jointly carried out for the first time in thirty years the national historical and cultural city, town, village protection work inspection. According to the schedule, check in the July is ended. But the results were not released.
This is a not optimistic results. Participate in the inspection Zhao Zhongshu has revealed, in 119 national historical and cultural city, there are 13 city has no historical and cultural blocks, there are 18 cities there are only a historical and cultural blocks. In accordance with the regulations, there are more than two historical and cultural blocks to declare the historical and cultural city.
Ruan Yisan said, there is no historic city can reach more than 20, in addition to more than half of the historical and cultural blocks is not qualified.
Zhao Zhongshu said, the reason of historical and cultural blocks disappear, some in 1982 the national defined the first batch of historical and cultural city is not defined in the historical and cultural blocks, but it is more a man down after delimit.
In 2009 April, Nanjing city "transformation plan" will be included in the scope of historical transformation, Anpin street, South Hall of catching a large number of old neighborhoods were removed completely. "Datong Shanhua temple and the upper and lower Huayan Temple surrounding, the original is a historic district, now all built antique buildings." Ruan Yisan said.
In addition, in 1949 after the production history of the block a few blank. According to the observation of Zhao Zhongshu, at present China can find a legacy of fifty or sixty years of the last century the people's commune site, only more than Henan,SichuanTwo or three, the.
In fact, in accordance with the provisions of the notice of inspection, has does not have the conditions of the city, by living Jianbu and National Bureau of cultural relics of the State Council to suggest the endangered list or cancel the title. However, "experts have a worry, take off some of the state historical and cultural city city hat, they just don't, ask him to do what? Very troublesome." Ruan Yisan said.
����A tourism, real estate economic accounts
"Old city reconstruction motives seldom is for the protection of cultural relics, most is to make tourism, real estate development." Wu Bihu professor of the school of city and environment Peking University said.
In 2009, Liaocheng old city protection and renovation of the mobilization meeting, Liaocheng city in a leading public feeling, the original "the second floor" Guangyue tower, Fu Sinian memorial hall, a knower. "The reason, is because of our culture tourism development is not enough." Therefore, reconstruction and development of city is supposed to "the development of the tourism industry leading, promoting economic development, drive people to enrich one's family".
In fact, many of the old city reconstruction does not cover under the banner of "tourism" alias, such as Emperor Yao ancient city called Jinhu impression of tourism city,YinchuanThe city also known as the commercial and cultural tourism expo.
According to Ruan Yi three observation, the trend of the old city reconstruction is originated from theLijiang, Pingyao,WuzhenAfter the rise of ancient town tourism such as. "People can do well, we also like to do a good job, can catch up from behind." The leaders of Liaocheng city says.
The local government has map out a strategy. Liaocheng city hall business documents show, restore historical and cultural attractions construction investment of about 178000000 yuan, after building, year about 300000 passengers, but income 100000000 yuan. Datong is has publicly and expectations, the future of tourists will reach 3000000 people every year, with 100 yuan, a year is 300000000 Yuan, not including food and beverageShoppingEtc..
Only the purpose of tourism development is not sufficient to explain all the. Zhao Zhongshu told the Southern Weekend reporter, if only for tourism or the protection of the ancient city, can through the Lijiang, Pingyao that old and new separation mode, or the present in Beijing, to avoid big demolition Dajian microcirculation gradual renovation, but this scheme has been Liaocheng, abandoning.
"Demolition of the old building new houses, GDP and real estate income, repair the old house, expensive, and no income." Ruan Yi three is explained the power of local government to start again.
Academician Wu Liangyong has pointed out, a large demolition and construction is one of the most economic practices of local government. "The old city center land prices high, the demolition cost is high, but the economic returns are high." Zhao Zhongshu said.
The public benefit in Liaocheng City Hall's forecast, the ancient city of shantytowns renovation project investment of about 1687000000 yuan, can build houses about 480000 square meters, sales revenue is expected to about 2880000000 yuan, the profit of the rich it goes without saying that.
So, not in the new district at the stroke of a pen, but in the ancient city of the "snail shell in a Buddhist sites" has become the most cost-effective choice of old city reconstruction.
However, all of the abacus can be just as one wishes?
Old city reconstruction of the wind in the present with vigour and vitality of Shandong, Zaozhuang city of Taierzhuang is one of the few has opened a. Public data shows, since 2010 since the Kaesong, the city received a total of about 4000000 visitors, from 2009-2011, the ancient city of three of the proportion of added value of GDP is increased by 3.9%.
More are acceleration on the project has not ancient city and tested. "Never mind is relics, but consider format. Business planning, city will be loud turned; only the material of walls, may be a lot of money into the future close not to come back, left to the next government, finally truly bear or people." Not against the reconstituted Wu Bihu said, "the government project, people pay, until a generation of the debt."
As night fell, a square kilometers of the ancient city of Liaocheng, only a few lights can be counted on one's fingers. And the government's official discourse firmly believe, "a city such as Phoenix general slowly remove old body, new strides forward."
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